What Is the Point of a Literature Review

Literature Review Examples

Usually, a literature review can be described as an objective, curtailed, and critical summary of published enquiry literature pertinent to the subject field beingness researched in an article. A literature can be an end in itself (an assay of what is known most a topic) or a prologue to and rationale for engaging in primary inquiry.

Basic Guidelines

The following are guidelines on how to write a literature review:

• Organize the literature review around key topics of concepts. Use headings or topic sentences to convey your organizational principle.

• Tell a story about the research. This will help y'all with your organization.

• Be selective. Incorporate only studies that are pertinent to your subject field.

• Synthesize and evaluate.

• Utilize a summary to aid the reader to relate every section to the wider topic and to analyze your argument's movement. Where have we simply been and where are we heading to?

Organizing Tips

When writing your literature review, place groundwork information, for instance, explanations of a theoretical model or clinical state of affairs, at sections where it will be almost helpful for your readers. For instance, if various researchers accept utilized a similar theoretical arroyo, define that framework before reviewing those studies.

Split your literature review into segments with appropriate descriptions, following the guidelines of the documentation organization you're using. Your outline provides the basis for this sectionalization since it has already amassed studies together under headings and subheadings.

Conclude each department in your review with a summary department or paragraph. The summary's length ought to reverberate the length of the section. Conclude the whole review with a summary that recaps the most important aspects and findings. This final summary is also the section where you'll brand major comparisons, convey your opinion or critique the adequacy of research methods and approaches, and identify inconsistencies. Your critique enables you to end your literature review by posing unanswered questions, proposing approaches upcoming enquiry. If your literature review is an introduction to your study, your critique ought to support the rationale for conveying out the research. You lot'll and so state your inquiry question(s) and hypothesis.

Example of a Literature Review Determination

Hither is an example of a literature review conclusion:

"The objective of this review was to view the trends in composition studies inside the past fifty years and see how commentary on student writing has transformed and is still transforming. It'due south articulate from the research reviewed that evaluative commentary is widely skilful all through limerick programs in universities today. Together with this, it'southward as well evident that the field of composition studies in regards to the kinds of commentary that students get on their writing is varied and continues to be examined and analyzed to do good both limerick students and the society at large. Moreover, corrective vs. evaluative commentary is withal being discussed, and continues to be problematic in the soapbox customs of college composition and as well high school writing equally viewed in Bardine et al.'s research." Assisting students to become amend writers is important in our electric current order with reducing school budgets."

Outlining Your Review

Assuming that y'all desire to compose a literature review concerning the efficiency of short-term grouping therapy in lowering depression amongst residents of a nursing home. You've now done research and compiled a list of the areas covered by your research:

• Pharmacological treatment of depression

• The elderly in nursing homes

• Measurement tools for low

• Utilization of psychotherapy among the elderly

• Depression - causes, behavioral manifestations, and effects

• Societal attitudes towards crumbling

• Impacts of group therapy

• Side effects of drugs utilized to care for low

• Psychological issues in the elderly

A possible outline for the literature review tin exist:

• Depression in general

  • Causation theories

  • Behavioral manifestation

  • Impacts

• Depression in the elderly, especially in nursing homes (problem and its scope)

• Impacts of therapy on depression

  • Long-term - disadvantages

  • Short-term

  • Group

The outline moves from general to specific. Every bit you go along down the outline, you'll deal with the material in rising depth, just as the significance of the data to your project rises.

Concerns near Sentence Level

Look at how the following literature review example apa impacts readability: sentence strength, focus, placement of citation, agile vs. passive voice, and transition.

Original:

"The relationship that exists between motivation and the decision to reach literacy has been examined by Smith (1975), Jones (1983), and Brown (1988). Motivation entails various expectations (Snappe, 1986; Krkel, 1988). A large report done past Amundson (1981) examined the beliefs people entering literacy programs, peculiarly event expectations and self-efficacy regardless of obstacles. Paape (1979), and in a follow-up projection Johnson (1985), examined resistance to motivational efforts or the trend to overlook information near an consequence that's difficult to acknowledge. A literacy promotion program needs to overcome the inclination to minimize the trouble and to assist people to believe."

Revision:

"Enquiry suggests that various factors influence an developed' decision to obtain literacy. Individuals need to be motivated to make such a decision (Smith, 1975; Jones, 1983; Brownish, 1988). Motivation involves at to the lowest degree two types of expectations (Snappe, 1986: Krakel, 1988). One must believe that literacy will positively impact 1's life (event expectations) and also one can succeed in the effort to learn new skills regardless of obstacles (Amunon, 1981). Other research reveals that when the problem isn't easy to acknowledge, people tend to overlook information about, that is, to resist motivational efforts 9Paape, 1979; Johnson, 1985). All these findings advise that a literacy promotion programme needs to overcome the tendency to minimize the problem and to assist people to believe."

Comparing the higher up literature review example paragraphs ought to demonstrate how some rhetorical choices impact readability and clarity.

Some guidelines;

• Use headings and topic sentences to inform readers what the bailiwick is and what point the cloth is contributing to the discussion.

• Do non but point to the being of literature on the topic; etch about methods or results in the studies yous hash out.

• Test sentences for relevance to the main point.

• Put citations where they don't distract from the line of thought you are presenting.

• Utilize active verbs that are potent and rich in content.

• Make use of transition words.

Style Tips

• Your tone should exist objective as you summarize the research. Don't permit your objectivity to plough your literature review to an annotated bibliography. Instead, point out every bit you proceed how studies relate to one another (for example, Smith (1988) and Jones (1990) utilized various samples to study the same phenomenon).

• Attempt to be belittling. Composing a review is an exercise in comparative thinking. Your critique should be in your final discussion, where they will be more efficient and significant to the reader.

• Connect paragraphs to one some other, and link studies within paragraphs. Attempt to make your literature review bonny by coming up with the topic sentence of each paragraph in a way that it achieves two things: it hooks in a way to the previous paragraph and also reveals what this new paragraph will be about, for example; "In dissimilarity to these studies, which have tried to measure the amount of stress a person is subjected to, diverse researchers are now concentrating on a person'due south perception of demanding life events."

These connections may need to exist made within a paragraph and also among a group of paragraphs, for example, "Jones (1989) and Smith (1991) were amongst the first persons to investigate the impacts of abuse towards children... Similar Jones, Smith also utilized the State-Trait Inventory but incorporated males in his sample" or "Lee's studies of learned vulnerability support this study'due south view of modification of behavior as situation-specific."

• Select verbs that precisely depict what the research did; hypothesized, questioned, developed, executed, measured, tested, and modified take divergent meanings.

• Use straight quotes sparingly. They take upward more space than sentences constructed to epitomize the original. Quotations my contain concept and vocabulary non familiar to the reader.

• Utilize verb tenses accordingly. Use the past tense to recap studies and procedures, for instance, "At least a third of those sampled in ane study said that they would both pass up socially and dread violence from someone exhibiting behaviors associated with various mental illnesses." Utilise the present perfect tense to suggest that something has happened more than one time in the past and may be continuing; for instance, "In the concluding twenty years, researchers have often concentrated on the effects of posttraumatic stress disorder." Moreover, employ the present tense to define theory and instruments, (for instance,"Developmental undertakings are cardinal to Piaget's theory"), to hash out and critique (for instance,"The utilization of self-report has two main drawbacks"), and to generalize (for example"These findings imply that adult learners adopt self-evaluation"). In add-on, use the active and passive vocalization correctly. The agile phonation ("Jennifer repeated the test with three samples") is not every bit wordy equally the passive voice ("This test was repeated with three samples past Jennifer"). Still, it's good to use the passive voice when the object is more of import than the subject (for instance,"The players from the senior team were shown the video"); when the field of study is unknown ("This phenomenon was first defined in line with 18 ^th century standards"); when it wouldn't exist a skillful idea to identify the subject ("The first gear up of data wasn't correctly coded"); and when putting the object before the subject more lucidly connects to a previous sentence or paragraph ("...screen techniques that increment job satisfaction. These techniques were also assessed..."). Overuse of the passive voice implies that research is happening by itself and the reader volition be dislocated nearly who'southward doing what.

Don'ts of Writing a Literature Review

• Citing supportive sources only - It is crucial that you likewise mention those studies that contradict your stance. In other words, mention some dissenting studies and explain why they deviate from your thinking.

• Using non-scholarly articles.

• Depending on directly quotations - Even though it'southward okay to include direct quotations, don't depend on them too much.

• Composing a narrowly-focused literature review.

Conclusion

If you want to know more about how to write a literature review, the information higher up will greatly assist you. Remember, a literature review can be termed as discursive prose, not a list summarizing several pieces of literature. Organize your review into segments that present themes or pinpoint trends, including pertinent theory. Your task isn't to list all published material; it'south to synthesize and examine it in line with the guiding concept of your research question or thesis.

To encounter how these tips are brought to life, become through an case of literature review. Contact us today for some literature review samples.

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